THE CLIFF

2002 → 2026

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Nation hub

Spain

7 World Cups · 2002–2026

Succession '06

25%

U23 value share

Succession '26

31%

recovered

Top-5 minutes

320.5k→350.4k

+9% at kick-off

The Cliff — succession vs squad minutes

per World Cup cycle · squad top-5 league minutes and under-23 value share, at kick-off

Top-5 minutesSuccession · U23 value share

Cliff verdict · 2026

#40 of 48 on the Cliff Index (-0.31): minutes-weighted age 26.7, 59% of 2026 minutes from players aged 31+ by 2030-06-01, 54% debutants.

Squad value at kick-off

total market value · €m · at each tournament

Mean squad age

years, weighted by minutes · at each tournament

Tournament by tournament

tap a squad to open its compare view →

2002 squad — Quarter-final 2002 — no TM values, appearance metrics only

Paper Index: #5 of 240 all-time · #1 of 32 in 2002 (composite +2.36)

CSV ↓

#	Player	Pos	Age	Club	Apps	Gls	Ast	Min	CL	CLG	Value	Peak	WC	WCG
1	Iker Casillas	GK	21	Real Madrid	86	0	n/a	7,667	32	0	—	n/a	5	0
2	Curro Torres	DF	25	Valencia	34	0	n/a	3,040	0	0	—	n/a	1	0
3	Juanfran	DF	25	Celta Vigo	121	4	n/a	8,816	0	0	—	n/a	3	0
4	Iván Helguera	MF	27	Real Madrid	137	9	n/a	10,766	41	11	—	n/a	5	0
5	Carles Puyol	DF	24	Barcelona	76	2	n/a	6,123	25	0	—	n/a	4	0
6	Fernando Hierro	DF	34	Real Madrid	472	105	n/a	40,649	58	7	—	n/a	4	2
7	Raúl	FW	24	Real Madrid	287	139	n/a	24,088	66	34	—	n/a	4	3
8	Rubén Baraja	MF	26	Valencia	127	17	n/a	8,593	14	2	—	n/a	4	0
9	Fernando Morientes	FW	26	Real Madrid	238	100	n/a	15,115	47	17	—	n/a	5	3
10	Diego Tristán	FW	26	Deportivo La Coruña	98	58	n/a	6,709	23	8	—	n/a	2	0
11	Javier de Pedro	MF	28	Real Sociedad	262	38	n/a	18,746	0	0	—	n/a	4	0
12	Albert Luque	FW	24	Mallorca	96	26	n/a	6,272	6	0	—	n/a	2	0
13	Ricardo	GK	30	Valladolid	54	0	n/a	4,806	0	0	—	n/a	0	0
14	David Albelda	MF	24	Valencia	113	4	n/a	8,637	20	0	—	n/a	2	0
15	Enrique Romero	DF	30	Deportivo La Coruña	281	13	n/a	23,595	23	0	—	n/a	3	0
16	Gaizka Mendieta	MF	28	Lazio	250	44	n/a	19,552	34	7	—	n/a	3	1
17	Juan Carlos Valerón	MF	26	Deportivo La Coruña	168	17	n/a	11,722	21	3	—	n/a	4	1
18	Sergio	MF	25	Deportivo La Coruña	148	9	n/a	11,346	10	1	—	n/a	1	0
19	Xavi	MF	22	Barcelona	96	7	n/a	6,866	33	1	—	n/a	3	0
20	Miguel Ángel Nadal	DF	35	Mallorca	411	33	n/a	33,619	31	1	—	n/a	4	0
21	Luis Enrique	MF	32	Barcelona	358	92	n/a	27,071	38	17	—	n/a	5	0
22	Joaquín	MF	20	Real Betis	34	4	n/a	2,792	0	0	—	n/a	2	0
23	Pedro Contreras	GK	30	Málaga	155	0	n/a	13,921	0	0	—	n/a	0	0

Big-five league split

CSV ↓

League	Apps	Min	Gls
La Liga	4073	318,914	721
Serie A	29	1,597	0
Total top-5	4102	320,511	721

Selected pathway leagues — full list below

No minutes in the selected pathway leagues.

All competitions (8 named + 13 other)

CSV ↓

Competition	Apps	Min
LaLiga (Spa)	4073	318,914
UEFA Champions League	522	40,568
Copa del Rey (Spa)	429	33,433
Segunda (Spa)	349	29,046
UEFA Cup	174	13,275
Serie A (Ita)	29	1,597
UCL qualifying	22	1,851
Coppa Italia (Ita)	5	327
Other competitions (13 — minor leagues, cups, youth)	266	21,753

Squad traits

Mean height

181 cm

22/23 measured

Defender height

183 cm

set-piece proxy

Goal dependency

19%

Raúl of squad league goals

Precocity

11,788′

top-5 min before 21

Earliest top-5 minutes before age 21: Raúl (11,788′), Iker Casillas (7,667′), Fernando Morientes (4,962′).

2006 squad — Round of 16 · value retention 89%

Paper Index: #26 of 240 all-time · #4 of 32 in 2006 (composite +1.52)

CSV ↓

#	Player	Pos	Age	Club	Apps	Gls	Ast	Min	CL	CLG	Value	Peak	WC	WCG
1	Iker Casillas 2nd	GK	25	Real Madrid	235	0	n/a	21,034	71	0	€25.0M	€25M ’04	3	0
2	Míchel Salgado	DF	30	Real Madrid	310	7	n/a	25,119	77	1	€5.0M	€10M ’04	1	0
3	Mariano Pernía	DF	29	Getafe [ 81 ]	91	15	n/a	8,164	0	0	€2.0M	€2M ’06	3	0
4	Carlos Marchena	DF	26	Valencia	163	5	n/a	13,131	13	0	€13.0M	€13M ’05	1	0
5	Carles Puyol 2nd	DF	28	Barcelona	206	3	n/a	17,623	57	0	€27.0M	€27M ’06	3	0
6	David Albelda 2nd	MF	28	Valencia	232	7	n/a	18,631	35	0	€15.0M	€15M ’04	2	0
7	Raúl 2nd	FW	28	Real Madrid	411	180	n/a	34,146	101	51	€17.5M	€25M ’04	4	1
8	Xavi 2nd	MF	26	Barcelona	213	16	n/a	16,750	57	2	€28.0M	€28M ’06	4	0
9	Fernando Torres	FW	22	Atlético Madrid	138	61	n/a	11,886	0	0	€25.0M	€25M ’04	4	3
10	José Antonio Reyes	MF	22	Arsenal	154	37	n/a	10,781	24	2	€19.0M	€35M ’04	1	0
11	Luis García	MF	27	Liverpool	146	35	n/a	9,183	19	7	€10.0M	€10M ’05	3	0
12	Antonio López	DF	24	Atlético Madrid	139	9	n/a	12,030	0	0	€10.5M	€10M ’06	1	0
13	Andrés Iniesta	MF	22	Barcelona	87	3	n/a	4,274	22	1	€12.0M	€12M ’04	1	0
14	Xabi Alonso	MF	24	Liverpool	173	14	n/a	13,640	22	2	€19.0M	€19M ’05	3	1
15	Sergio Ramos	DF	20	Real Madrid	72	6	n/a	6,023	7	1	€17.5M	€27M ’05	3	0
16	Marcos Senna	MF	29	Villarreal	84	7	n/a	6,911	11	1	€1.8M	€2M ’06	3	0
17	Joaquín 2nd	MF	24	Real Betis	180	29	n/a	15,380	6	0	€22.0M	€22M ’04	3	0
18	Cesc Fàbregas	MF	19	Arsenal	68	5	n/a	4,775	18	2	€8.0M	€8M ’05	4	0
19	Santiago Cañizares	GK	36	Valencia	378	0	n/a	33,708	52	0	€5.5M	€7M ’04	1	0
20	Juanito	DF	29	Real Betis	152	14	n/a	13,439	5	0	€6.0M	€6M ’04	1	1
21	David Villa	FW	24	Valencia	110	57	n/a	9,130	0	0	€22.0M	€22M ’06	4	3
22	Pablo Ibáñez	DF	24	Atlético Madrid	105	6	n/a	9,363	0	0	€9.5M	€10M ’06	3	0
23	Pepe Reina	GK	23	Liverpool	172	0	n/a	15,410	12	0	€9.0M	€9M ’05	0	0

Faded star — biggest value drop from peak

José Antonio Reyes

peak €35M (2004-10) → €19M at kickoff · −46%

Big-five league split

CSV ↓

League	Apps	Min	Gls
Premier League	289	20,514	41
La Liga	3730	310,017	475
Total top-5	4019	330,531	516

Selected pathway leagues — full list below

CSV ↓

Selected pathway league	Apps	Min
Primeira Liga (Por)	20	1,709
Brasileirão (Bra)	23	1,128
Primera División (Arg)	20	1,680

All competitions (14 named + 15 other)

CSV ↓

Competition	Apps	Min
LaLiga (Spa)	3730	310,017
UEFA Champions League	609	49,313
Segunda (Spa)	517	40,579
Copa del Rey (Spa)	308	25,678
Premier League (Eng)	289	20,514
UEFA Cup	158	12,798
UCL qualifying	40	3,278
FA Cup (Eng)	30	2,402
Primera División (Arg)	26	2,207
Brasileirão (Bra)	23	1,128
Primera División (Arg)	20	1,680
Primeira Liga (Por)	20	1,709
Copa Libertadores	18	1,197
EFL Cup (Eng)	13	893
Other competitions (15 — minor leagues, cups, youth)	407	33,343

Squad traits

Mean height

180 cm

23/23 measured

Defender height

181 cm

set-piece proxy

U23 value share

25%

prospect share

Goal dependency

35%

Raúl of squad league goals

Value dependency

Xavi of squad value

Precocity

11,788′

top-5 min before 21

Earliest top-5 minutes before age 21: Raúl (11,788′), Fernando Torres (7,816′), Iker Casillas (7,667′).

2010 squad — Champion · value retention 98%

Paper Index: #10 of 240 all-time · #3 of 32 in 2010 (composite +2.13)

CSV ↓

#	Player	Pos	Age	Club	Apps	Gls	Ast	Min	CL	CLG	Value	Peak	WC	WCG
1	Iker Casillas 3rd	GK	29	Real Madrid	385	0	0	34,534	101	0	€32.0M	€32M ’09	7	0
2	Raúl Albiol	DF	24	Real Madrid	181	6	2	15,857	23	2	€18.0M	€18M ’10	0	0
3	Gerard Piqué	DF	23	Barcelona	91	5	2	6,827	27	5	€25.0M	€25M ’10	7	0
4	Carlos Marchena 2nd	DF	30	Valencia	263	8	5	20,580	21	0	€8.0M	€13M ’05	3	0
5	Carles Puyol 3rd	DF	32	Barcelona	331	7	12	28,275	93	2	€28.0M	€30M ’07	7	1
6	Andrés Iniesta 2nd	MF	26	Barcelona	210	17	38	13,436	59	5	€60.0M	€60M ’10	6	2
7	David Villa 2nd	FW	28	Valencia	239	139	31	19,724	14	6	€45.0M	€45M ’09	7	5
8	Xavi 3rd	MF	30	Barcelona	352	35	98	28,332	99	6	€65.0M	€65M ’10	7	0
9	Fernando Torres 2nd	FW	26	Liverpool	253	131	17	20,952	21	8	€50.0M	€50M ’10	7	0
10	Cesc Fàbregas 2nd	MF	23	Arsenal	187	32	65	14,912	50	10	€55.0M	€55M ’10	4	0
11	Joan Capdevila	DF	32	Villarreal	348	34	16	28,869	36	3	€10.0M	€13M ’09	7	0
12	Víctor Valdés	GK	28	Barcelona	263	0	1	23,598	67	0	€18.0M	€18M ’10	0	0
13	Juan Mata	MF	22	Valencia	96	25	23	7,013	1	0	€23.0M	€23M ’09	1	0
14	Xabi Alonso 2nd	MF	28	Real Madrid	291	26	35	23,340	54	3	€30.0M	€30M ’09	7	0
15	Sergio Ramos 2nd	DF	24	Real Madrid	203	24	14	17,447	35	3	€27.0M	€32M ’08	7	0
16	Sergio Busquets	MF	21	Barcelona	57	1	2	3,858	18	2	€20.0M	€20M ’10	7	0
17	Álvaro Arbeloa	DF	27	Real Madrid	118	4	7	10,055	28	0	€12.0M	€12M ’10	1	0
18	Pedro	FW	22	Barcelona	42	12	5	2,484	13	4	€14.0M	€14M ’10	1	0
19	Fernando Llorente	FW	25	Athletic Bilbao	166	45	15	10,363	0	0	€15.0M	€15M ’09	1	0
20	Javi Martínez	MF	21	Athletic Bilbao	135	14	4	11,225	0	0	€15.0M	€15M ’10	1	0
21	David Silva	MF	24	Valencia	153	25	27	12,004	15	2	€32.0M	€32M ’10	2	0
22	Jesús Navas	MF	24	Sevilla	196	18	38	15,185	16	2	€28.0M	€28M ’10	3	0
23	Pepe Reina 2nd	GK	27	Liverpool	321	0	5	28,820	50	0	€20.0M	€20M ’10	0	0

Faded star — biggest value drop from peak

Carlos Marchena

peak €13M (2005-03) → €8M at kickoff · −38%

Big-five league split

CSV ↓

League	Apps	Min	Gls
Premier League	669	54,457	104
La Liga	4212	343,233	504
Total top-5	4881	397,690	608

Selected pathway leagues — full list below

CSV ↓

Selected pathway league	Apps	Min
Primeira Liga (Por)	20	1,709

All competitions (11 named + 12 other)

CSV ↓

Competition	Apps	Min
LaLiga (Spa)	4212	343,233
UEFA Champions League	841	68,539
Premier League (Eng)	669	54,457
Copa del Rey (Spa)	453	35,020
Segunda (Spa)	332	25,616
UEFA Cup	162	11,909
UCL qualifying	71	5,728
UEFA Europa League	70	5,588
FA Cup (Eng)	44	3,707
EFL Cup (Eng)	25	1,618
Primeira Liga (Por)	20	1,709
Other competitions (12 — minor leagues, cups, youth)	523	44,340

Squad traits

Mean height

181 cm

23/23 measured

Defender height

185 cm

set-piece proxy

U23 value share

11%

prospect share

Goal dependency

23%

David Villa of squad league goals

Value dependency

10%

Xavi of squad value

Precocity

10,818′

top-5 min before 21

Earliest top-5 minutes before age 21: Cesc Fàbregas (10,818′), Javi Martínez (8,319′), Sergio Ramos (7,930′).

2014 squad — Group · value retention 73%

Paper Index: #1 of 240 all-time · #1 of 32 in 2014 (composite +2.91)

CSV ↓

#	Player	Pos	Age	Club	Apps	Gls	Ast	Min	CL	CLG	Value	Peak	WC	WCG
1	Iker Casillas 4th	GK	33	Real Madrid	478	0	0	42,808	140	0	€12.0M	€35M ’10	2	0
2	Raúl Albiol 2nd	DF	28	Napoli	261	8	4	21,651	42	2	€12.0M	€18M ’10	1	0
3	Gerard Piqué 2nd	DF	27	Barcelona	198	14	3	15,663	63	8	€36.0M	€40M ’12	1	0
4	Javi Martínez 2nd	MF	25	Bayern Munich	246	25	9	19,851	19	0	€37.0M	€37M ’13	1	0
5	Juanfran	DF	29	Atlético Madrid	295	15	32	21,926	12	0	€14.0M	€14M ’14	1	0
6	Andrés Iniesta 3rd	MF	30	Barcelona	337	33	77	22,675	96	10	€55.0M	€70M ’12	3	0
7	David Villa 3rd faded great	FW	32	Atlético Madrid [ 48 ]	352	185	55	27,197	47	14	€10.0M	€50M ’10	1	1
8	Xavi 4th faded great	MF	34	Barcelona	474	56	123	37,403	141	11	€10.0M	€65M ’10	1	0
9	Fernando Torres 3rd	FW	30	Chelsea	386	160	38	29,659	50	18	€19.0M	€50M ’10	3	1
10	Cesc Fàbregas 3rd	MF	27	Barcelona [ 49 ]	308	63	113	23,539	81	16	€50.0M	€55M ’10	2	0
11	Pedro 2nd	FW	26	Barcelona	169	52	39	10,692	51	15	€25.0M	€30M ’13	0	0
12	David de Gea	GK	23	Manchester United	151	0	0	13,590	22	0	€17.0M	€18M ’11	0	0
13	Juan Mata 2nd	MF	26	Manchester United	226	57	67	16,928	28	6	€40.0M	€45M ’13	1	1
14	Xabi Alonso 3rd	MF	32	Real Madrid	415	27	55	33,311	94	3	€12.0M	€35M ’10	3	1
15	Sergio Ramos 3rd	DF	28	Real Madrid	326	38	22	28,230	74	8	€40.0M	€40M ’12	3	0
16	Sergio Busquets 2nd	MF	25	Barcelona	179	5	10	13,490	57	4	€45.0M	€45M ’13	2	0
17	Koke	MF	22	Atlético Madrid	115	13	30	7,384	13	1	€30.0M	€30M ’14	2	0
18	Jordi Alba	DF	25	Barcelona	118	7	13	8,768	20	2	€25.0M	€25M ’13	3	0
19	Diego Costa	FW	25	Atlético Madrid	144	61	28	10,570	9	8	€35.0M	€35M ’14	2	0
20	Santi Cazorla	MF	29	Arsenal	322	55	53	23,895	23	0	€30.0M	€30M ’13	2	0
21	David Silva 2nd	MF	28	Manchester City	283	46	69	22,075	30	4	€40.0M	€50M ’12	3	0
22	César Azpilicueta	DF	24	Chelsea	202	1	10	16,992	23	0	€18.0M	€18M ’13	2	0
23	Pepe Reina 3rd	GK	31	Napoli [ 50 ]	454	0	6	40,681	55	0	€10.0M	€22M ’10	1	0

Faded star — biggest value drop from peak

Xavi

peak €65M (2010-01) → €10M at kickoff · −85%

Big-five league split

CSV ↓

League	Apps	Min	Gls
Premier League	1310	105,043	195
La Liga	4975	391,902	721
Serie A	62	5,241	1
Bundesliga	45	3,091	3
Ligue 1	47	3,701	1
Total top-5	6439	508,978	921

Selected pathway leagues — full list below

CSV ↓

Selected pathway league	Apps	Min
Primeira Liga (Por)	7	412

All competitions (18 named + 13 other)

CSV ↓

Competition	Apps	Min
LaLiga (Spa)	4975	391,902
Premier League (Eng)	1310	105,043
UEFA Champions League	1190	94,379
Copa del Rey (Spa)	659	50,077
Segunda (Spa)	324	23,922
UEFA Europa League	212	16,008
UEFA Cup	116	7,843
FA Cup (Eng)	115	8,758
EFL Cup (Eng)	67	5,102
Serie A (Ita)	62	5,241
UCL qualifying	54	4,343
Ligue 1 (Fra)	47	3,701
Bundesliga (Ger)	45	3,091
Liga Portugal 2 (Por)	13	1,141
DFB-Pokal (Ger)	10	667
Coppa Italia (Ita)	9	810
Primeira Liga (Por)	7	412
Coupe de France (Fra)	3	300
Other competitions (13 — minor leagues, cups, youth)	578	46,771

Squad traits

Mean height

180 cm

23/23 measured

Defender height

183 cm

set-piece proxy

U23 value share

prospect share

Goal dependency

20%

David Villa of squad league goals

Value dependency

Andrés Iniesta of squad value

Precocity

10,818′

top-5 min before 21

Earliest top-5 minutes before age 21: Cesc Fàbregas (10,818′), César Azpilicueta (9,039′), Javi Martínez (8,319′).

2018 squad — Round of 16 · value retention 91%

Paper Index: #12 of 240 all-time · #1 of 32 in 2018 (composite +2.07)

CSV ↓

#	Player	Pos	Age	Club	Apps	Gls	Ast	Min	CL	CLG	Value	Peak	WC	WCG
1	David de Gea 2nd	GK	27	Manchester United	294	0	0	26,444	34	0	€70.0M	€70M ’18	4	0
2	Dani Carvajal	DF	26	Real Madrid	163	3	24	13,162	42	1	€60.0M	€60M ’18	3	0
3	Gerard Piqué 3rd	DF	31	Barcelona	310	26	5	25,464	98	12	€50.0M	€50M ’18	4	0
4	Nacho	DF	28	Real Madrid	108	6	4	7,678	27	2	€30.0M	€30M ’18	2	1
5	Sergio Busquets 3rd	MF	29	Barcelona	311	7	23	24,185	94	4	€80.0M	€80M ’18	4	0
6	Andrés Iniesta 4th faded great	MF	34	Barcelona	442	35	84	29,686	130	11	€10.0M	€70M ’12	4	0
7	Saúl	MF	23	Atlético Madrid	160	16	12	12,104	36	8	€70.0M	€70M ’18	0	0
8	Koke 2nd	MF	26	Atlético Madrid	255	28	69	19,175	49	3	€70.0M	€70M ’18	3	0
9	Rodrigo	FW	27	Valencia	129	27	19	8,052	18	2	€40.0M	€40M ’18	3	0
10	Thiago	MF	27	Bayern Munich	164	19	24	10,369	46	8	€60.0M	€60M ’18	2	0
11	Lucas Vázquez	FW	26	Real Madrid	124	13	31	7,019	27	2	€25.0M	€25M ’18	2	0
12	Álvaro Odriozola	DF	22	Real Sociedad	50	0	9	4,181	0	0	€25.0M	€25M ’18	0	0
13	Kepa Arrizabalaga	GK	23	Athletic Bilbao	53	0	0	4,716	0	0	€20.0M	€20M ’18	0	0
14	César Azpilicueta 2nd	DF	28	Chelsea	343	6	27	29,428	43	1	€40.0M	€40M ’18	0	0
15	Sergio Ramos 4th	DF	32	Real Madrid	430	55	27	37,207	114	11	€45.0M	€50M ’18	4	0
16	Nacho Monreal	DF	32	Arsenal	334	10	24	27,832	21	0	€13.0M	€15M ’16	0	0
17	Iago Aspas	FW	30	Celta Vigo	165	69	23	11,554	0	0	€25.0M	€25M ’18	3	1
18	Jordi Alba 2nd	DF	29	Barcelona	235	11	38	18,402	54	2	€60.0M	€60M ’18	4	0
19	Diego Costa 2nd	FW	29	Atlético Madrid	248	116	48	19,170	24	10	€60.0M	€60M ’18	4	3
20	Marco Asensio	MF	22	Real Madrid	89	13	20	5,740	20	4	€75.0M	€75M ’18	3	0
21	David Silva 3rd	FW	32	Manchester City	402	73	109	31,741	57	7	€30.0M	€50M ’12	4	0
22	Isco	MF	26	Real Madrid	230	46	43	15,216	61	7	€75.0M	€75M ’18	4	1
23	Pepe Reina 4th	GK	35	Napoli	568	0	6	50,864	69	0	€1.0M	€22M ’10	0	0

Faded star — biggest value drop from peak

Andrés Iniesta

peak €70M (2012-08) → €10M at kickoff · −86%

Big-five league split

CSV ↓

League	Apps	Min	Gls
Premier League	1262	105,569	112
La Liga	4026	308,108	453
Serie A	141	12,589	0
Bundesliga	131	9,422	13
Ligue 1	47	3,701	1
Total top-5	5607	439,389	579

Selected pathway leagues — full list below

CSV ↓

Selected pathway league	Apps	Min
Primeira Liga (Por)	75	4,409

All competitions (18 named + 18 other)

CSV ↓

Competition	Apps	Min
LaLiga (Spa)	4026	308,108
Premier League (Eng)	1262	105,569
UEFA Champions League	1064	82,655
Copa del Rey (Spa)	592	45,281
Segunda (Spa)	449	32,004
UEFA Europa League	205	15,386
Serie A (Ita)	141	12,589
Bundesliga (Ger)	131	9,422
FA Cup (Eng)	110	8,958
Primeira Liga (Por)	75	4,409
EFL Cup (Eng)	66	5,358
UEFA Cup	49	3,868
Ligue 1 (Fra)	47	3,701
UCL qualifying	33	2,681
DFB-Pokal (Ger)	18	1,448
Liga Portugal 2 (Por)	13	1,141
Coppa Italia (Ita)	9	810
Coupe de France (Fra)	3	300
Other competitions (18 — minor leagues, cups, youth)	987	74,062

Squad traits

Mean height

180 cm

23/23 measured

Defender height

179 cm

set-piece proxy

U23 value share

10%

prospect share

Goal dependency

20%

Diego Costa of squad league goals

Value dependency

Sergio Busquets of squad value

Precocity

9,039′

top-5 min before 21

Earliest top-5 minutes before age 21: César Azpilicueta (9,039′), Sergio Ramos (7,930′), David de Gea (5,940′).

2022 squad — Round of 16 · value retention 61%

Paper Index: #40 of 240 all-time · #7 of 32 in 2022 (composite +1.07)

CSV ↓

#	Player	Pos	Age	Club	Apps	Gls	Ast	Min	CL	CLG	Value	Peak	WC	WCG
1	Robert Sánchez	GK	25	Brighton & Hove Albion	78	0	0	7,020	0	0	€32.0M	€32M ’22	0	0
2	César Azpilicueta 3rd	DF	33	Chelsea	481	11	42	40,997	75	4	€8.0M	€40M ’18	2	0
3	Eric García	DF	21	Barcelona	54	1	0	3,823	13	0	€18.0M	€20M ’20	0	0
4	Pau Torres	DF	25	Villarreal	115	9	4	10,018	12	1	€50.0M	€50M ’21	1	0
5	Sergio Busquets 4th faded great	MF	34	Barcelona	463	11	32	36,036	129	4	€5.0M	€80M ’18	4	0
6	Marcos Llorente	MF	27	Atlético Madrid	157	16	19	11,356	27	3	€35.0M	€80M ’21	1	0
7	Álvaro Morata	FW	30	Atlético Madrid	303	99	46	16,479	72	23	€25.0M	€65M ’18	4	3
8	Koke 3rd	MF	30	Atlético Madrid	395	37	86	30,741	86	5	€18.0M	€70M ’18	2	0
9	Gavi	MF	18	Barcelona	48	2	7	3,130	11	0	€90.0M	€90M ’22	4	1
10	Marco Asensio 2nd	FW	26	Real Madrid	203	33	33	11,636	53	11	€25.0M	€90M ’18	4	1
11	Ferran Torres	FW	22	Barcelona	130	21	14	7,000	21	9	€35.0M	€50M ’20	4	2
12	Nico Williams	FW	20	Athletic Bilbao	50	3	3	2,455	0	0	€25.0M	€25M ’22	4	0
13	David Raya	GK	27	Brentford	39	0	0	3,510	0	0	€22.0M	€22M ’22	0	0
14	Alejandro Balde	DF	19	Barcelona	17	0	3	1,161	6	0	€15.0M	€15M ’22	4	0
15	Hugo Guillamón	DF	22	Valencia	75	3	4	5,768	0	0	€25.0M	€25M ’22	0	0
16	Rodri	MF	26	Manchester City	212	16	14	16,148	41	0	€80.0M	€80M ’19	4	0
17	Yéremy Pino	FW	20	Villarreal	68	10	5	3,169	7	1	€38.0M	€40M ’22	0	0
18	Jordi Alba 3rd faded great	DF	33	Barcelona	373	20	72	29,939	84	3	€5.0M	€70M ’18	4	0
19	Carlos Soler	MF	25	Paris Saint-Germain	189	33	27	14,392	16	4	€35.0M	€50M ’19	0	0
20	Dani Carvajal 2nd	DF	30	Real Madrid	267	6	41	21,388	73	1	€18.0M	€60M ’18	2	0
21	Dani Olmo	FW	24	RB Leipzig	73	12	16	4,230	20	4	€40.0M	€50M ’21	4	1
22	Pablo Sarabia	FW	30	Paris Saint-Germain	294	49	53	18,475	42	6	€20.0M	€40M ’18	1	0
23	Unai Simón	GK	25	Athletic Bilbao	126	0	0	11,272	0	0	€25.0M	€30M ’20	4	0
24	Aymeric Laporte	DF	28	Manchester City	273	15	8	23,337	37	2	€38.0M	€75M ’19	3	0
25	Ansu Fati	FW	20	Barcelona	55	18	6	2,254	17	3	€50.0M	€80M ’20	2	0
26	Pedri	MF	19	Barcelona	63	9	4	4,345	14	1	€100.0M	€100M ’22	4	0

Faded star — biggest value drop from peak

Sergio Busquets

peak €80M (2018-01) → €5M at kickoff · −94%

Big-five league split

CSV ↓

League	Apps	Min	Gls
Premier League	773	63,525	55
La Liga	3477	255,639	317
Serie A	130	7,107	35
Bundesliga	105	7,011	13
Ligue 1	116	6,797	14
Total top-5	4601	340,079	434

Selected pathway leagues — full list below

CSV ↓

Selected pathway league	Apps	Min
Championship (Eng)	141	12,690
Primeira Liga (Por)	29	2,088

All competitions (20 named + 36 other)

CSV ↓

Competition	Apps	Min
LaLiga (Spa)	3477	255,639
UEFA Champions League	856	62,009
Premier League (Eng)	773	63,525
Copa del Rey (Spa)	416	31,066
UEFA Europa League	189	13,796
Segunda (Spa)	183	14,123
Championship (Eng)	141	12,690
Serie A (Ita)	130	7,107
Ligue 1 (Fra)	116	6,797
Bundesliga (Ger)	105	7,011
FA Cup (Eng)	90	6,720
HNL (Cro)	80	5,378
EFL Cup (Eng)	76	6,029
League One (Eng)	71	6,390
Primeira Liga (Por)	29	2,088
Coppa Italia (Ita)	17	1,095
UCL qualifying	14	1,074
DFB-Pokal (Ger)	14	982
Coupe de France (Fra)	14	1,055
UEFA Cup	1	90
Other competitions (36 — minor leagues, cups, youth)	1117	88,761

Squad traits

Mean height

182 cm

26/26 measured

Defender height

180 cm

set-piece proxy

U23 value share

45%

prospect share

Goal dependency

23%

Álvaro Morata of squad league goals

Value dependency

11%

Pedri of squad value

Precocity

9,039′

top-5 min before 21

Earliest top-5 minutes before age 21: César Azpilicueta (9,039′), Aymeric Laporte (7,118′), Pedri (4,345′).

2026 squad — Semi-final · value retention 71%

Paper Index: #25 of 240 all-time · #7 of 48 in 2026 (composite +1.53)

CSV ↓

#	Player	Pos	Age	Club	Apps	Gls	Ast	Min	CL	CLG	Value	Peak	WC	WCG
1	David Raya 2nd	GK	30	Arsenal	169	0	0	15,210	36	0	€30.0M	€40M ’24	0	0
2	Marc Pubill	DF	22	Atlético Madrid	53	2	5	3,773	11	0	€35.0M	€35M ’26	1	0
3	Álex Grimaldo	DF	30	Bayer Leverkusen	94	20	31	7,958	62	10	€20.0M	€45M ’24	0	0
4	Eric García 2nd	DF	25	Barcelona	164	9	5	11,611	33	2	€40.0M	€40M ’26	0	0
5	Marcos Llorente 2nd faded great	DF	31	Atlético Madrid	270	24	33	19,671	58	9	€20.0M	€80M ’21	3	0
6	Mikel Merino	MF	29	Arsenal	272	32	32	19,483	26	6	€25.0M	€50M ’21	0	0
7	Ferran Torres 2nd	FW	26	Barcelona	239	56	27	12,095	50	18	€50.0M	€50M ’20	7	0
8	Fabián Ruiz	MF	30	Paris Saint-Germain	273	30	35	19,049	56	2	€30.0M	€60M ’19	7	1
9	Gavi 2nd	MF	21	Barcelona	119	6	13	7,471	26	1	€30.0M	€90M ’22	2	0
10	Dani Olmo 2nd	FW	28	Barcelona	165	34	36	9,729	43	8	€60.0M	€60M ’24	7	0
11	Yéremy Pino 2nd	FW	23	Crystal Palace	168	19	22	9,617	7	1	€30.0M	€40M ’22	2	0
12	Pedro Porro	DF	26	Tottenham Hotspur	162	9	23	12,582	22	2	€35.0M	€45M ’23	5	2
13	Joan Garcia	GK	25	Barcelona	71	0	0	6,317	9	0	€45.0M	€45M ’26	0	0
14	Aymeric Laporte 2nd faded great	DF	32	Athletic Bilbao	307	15	10	26,116	40	2	€8.0M	€75M ’19	7	0
15	Álex Baena	MF	24	Atlético Madrid	135	17	30	8,874	13	0	€40.0M	€55M ’25	6	1
16	Rodri 2nd	MF	29	Manchester City	293	27	27	22,469	62	3	€50.0M	€130M ’24	14	2
17	Nico Williams 2nd	FW	23	Athletic Bilbao	157	22	26	10,024	3	0	€40.0M	€70M ’24	5	0
18	Martín Zubimendi	MF	27	Arsenal	218	14	8	16,758	21	0	€75.0M	€80M ’26	0	0
19	Lamine Yamal	FW	18	Barcelona	101	30	34	7,337	33	11	€200.0M	€200M ’25	7	1
20	Pedri 2nd	MF	23	Barcelona	165	22	21	11,785	43	1	€150.0M	€150M ’26	7	0
21	Mikel Oyarzabal	FW	29	Real Sociedad	349	100	54	25,689	7	2	€25.0M	€70M ’21	7	5
22	Pau Cubarsí	DF	19	Barcelona	85	1	3	6,889	26	0	€80.0M	€80M ’25	7	0
23	Unai Simón 2nd	GK	28	Athletic Bilbao	237	0	0	21,161	8	0	€22.0M	€30M ’20	7	0
24	Marc Cucurella	DF	27	Chelsea	256	12	22	21,134	17	0	€50.0M	€55M ’22	7	0
25	Víctor Muñoz	FW	22	Osasuna	36	6	2	2,704	0	0	€30.0M	€30M ’26	0	0
26	Borja Iglesias	FW	33	Celta Vigo	259	81	15	14,900	0	0	€2.8M	€28M ’19	1	0

Faded star — biggest value drop from peak

Rodri

peak €130M (2024-07) → €50M at kickoff · −62%

Big-five league split

CSV ↓

League	Apps	Min	Gls
Premier League	946	74,647	75
La Liga	3432	245,021	449
Serie A	125	9,654	18
Bundesliga	216	14,939	37
Ligue 1	98	6,145	9
Total top-5	4817	350,406	588

Selected pathway leagues — full list below

CSV ↓

Selected pathway league	Apps	Min
Championship (Eng)	141	12,690
Primeira Liga (Por)	264	22,199
Saudi Pro League (KSA)	47	3,932

All competitions (21 named + 40 other)

CSV ↓

Competition	Apps	Min
LaLiga (Spa)	3432	245,021
Premier League (Eng)	946	74,647
UEFA Champions League	712	51,769
Copa del Rey (Spa)	408	29,287
Segunda (Spa)	386	30,068
UEFA Europa League	305	21,248
Primeira Liga (Por)	264	22,199
Bundesliga (Ger)	216	14,939
Championship (Eng)	141	12,690
Serie A (Ita)	125	9,654
Ligue 1 (Fra)	98	6,145
HNL (Cro)	80	5,378
FA Cup (Eng)	78	5,837
EFL Cup (Eng)	75	5,670
Saudi Pro League (KSA)	47	3,932
League One (Eng)	45	4,050
DFB-Pokal (Ger)	33	2,271
UCL qualifying	26	2,237
Coupe de France (Fra)	16	1,073
Coppa Italia (Ita)	9	499
AFC Champions League	7	630
Other competitions (40 — minor leagues, cups, youth)	1080	82,724

Squad traits

Mean height

182 cm

26/26 measured

Defender height

181 cm

set-piece proxy

U23 value share

31%

prospect share

Goal dependency

17%

Mikel Oyarzabal of squad league goals

Value dependency

16%

Lamine Yamal of squad value

Precocity

7,337′

top-5 min before 21

Earliest top-5 minutes before age 21: Lamine Yamal (7,337′), Aymeric Laporte (7,118′), Gavi (6,897′).