Value momentum — does form travel?

The share of each squad whose Transfermarkt market value was rising over the 12 months before kick-off — a squad on the way up versus one coasting on reputation. 2002 is excluded (TM value history begins ~2004; 2006 is partial). Cache-only.

Form does not travel

Squad value momentum and World Cup over-performance are uncorrelated (Spearman ρ = -0.01, n = 196). A squad of rising stars is no more likely to beat expectations than one of established names — momentum, at least the market's version, does not travel to the tournament.

The France 2002 test

France 2002 — the aging defending champions — cannot be measured: Transfermarkt value history begins ~2004, so 2002 squads have no 12-month window (known=0). The nearest measurable analog is Spain 2014: reigning champions with the lowest momentum of any elite squad (10/23 = 43% rising) — and a group-stage exit.

Form squads — most on the rise

SquadRising%OU
🇪🇸 Spain 201819/2383%-0.19
🇫🇷 France 201819/2383%+0.41
🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 England 201819/2383%+0.30
🇹🇳 Tunisia 201819/2383%-0.06
🇦🇷 Argentina 201018/2378%+0.16
🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 England 201018/2378%-0.26
🇪🇸 Spain 201018/2378%+0.14
🇨🇭 Switzerland 201418/2378%+0.11
🇩🇪 Germany 201418/2378%+0.26
🇯🇵 Japan 200612/1675%-0.18
🇪🇬 Egypt 201817/2374%-0.14
🇦🇺 Australia 201817/2374%-0.09

Reputation squads — top-8 value, least momentum

SquadRising%OU
🇦🇷 Argentina 20266/2623%+0.14
🇳🇱 Netherlands 20067/2330%-0.13
🇵🇹 Portugal 20067/2330%+0.37
🇧🇷 Brazil 20268/2631%+0.02
🇪🇸 Spain 20268/2631%+0.09
🇵🇹 Portugal 20268/2631%+0.03
🇦🇷 Argentina 20229/2635%+0.17
🇳🇱 Netherlands 20269/2635%-0.27
🇪🇸 Spain 202210/2638%-0.20
🇦🇷 Argentina 20069/2241%+0.29
🇧🇷 Brazil 202211/2642%-0.07
🇩🇪 Germany 202611/2642%-0.27